Category: Behavioural Sciences

Ons leven wordt bepaald door dingen waar we te weinig van hebben. Of het nu gebrek aan tijd, geld, voedsel, sociale contacten of iets anders is: schaarste stuurt onze aandacht. Dat levert een zeker voordeel op: het dwingt ons ons te concentreren, dat is bijvoorbeeld waarom we beter kunnen presteren als we een time limit (schaarste aan tijd) hebben. Maar er schuilt ook een gevaar in: schaarste veroorzaakt tunnelvisie en beperkt ons denkvermogen.

In 'Schaarste' bieden Harvard-econoom Sendhil Mullainathan en Princeton-psycholoog Eldar Shafir een baanbrekend nieuw perspectief op menselijk gedrag. Aan de hand van eigen onderzoek en veel spraakmakende voorbeelden tonen de auteurs aan dat de gevolgen van schaarste veel verder gaan dan tot nu toe bekend used to be. Armoede (langdurige schaarste) zorgt er bijvoorbeeld voor dat males moeilijk nieuwe vaardigheden aan kan leren en gebrek aan tijd leidt ertoe dat we op de lange termijn steeds onverstandigere beslissingen nemen.

De inzichten in 'Schaarste' hebben verregaande gevolgen voor zaken zoals armoedebestrijding, scholing, obesitas, verkeersveiligheid en werkloosheid. Maar ook je time table en persoonlijke financiën zien er na het lezen van dit boek nooit meer hetzelfde uit.

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'Een fascinerend boek dat overstroomt van nieuwe ideeën, fantastische verhalen en simpele advice die zomaar je leven kunnen veranderen.
Steven D. Levitt, coauteur FREAKONOMICS

'Mullainathan en Shafir zijn elk een ster op hun gebied en samen zijn ze meer dan de som der delen. Hun werk is de mooiste combinatie van gevoel en verstand die ik tot nu toe in ons vakgebied heb gezien.'
Daniel Kahneman, auteur van ONS FEILBARE DENKEN

This booklet is a crucial account of the state-of-the-art of either theoretical and sensible concerns within the present-day examine on conceptual switch. particular in its whole therapy of the questions that are supposed to be thought of to additional present knowing of information building and alter, this publication comes in handy for psychologists, cognitive scientists, academic researchers, curriculum builders, lecturers and educators in any respect degrees and in all disciplines.

Répertorie les témoignages d'enfants qui, dans les familles dites à problèmes, jouent eux-mêmes les thérapeutes pour préserver une paix familiale relative. « Copyright Electre »

Das Buch vermittelt Basiswissen über zwei grundlegende Bereiche der Allgemeinen Psychologie: Menschliche Wahrnehmung und Aufmerksamkeit. Welche Theorien sind wichtig? Welche Kontroversen und Fragen beschäftigen die Forscher aktuell, und wie haben sich die Gebiete historisch entwickelt? In klarer, verständlicher shape führen die Autoren in die wichtigsten Grundfragen ein und verhelfen Leserinnen und Lesern so zu Orientierung und Überblick.

First released in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Music's skill to precise and arouse feelings is a secret that has interested either specialists and laymen at the least given that historic Greece. The predecessor to this publication 'Music and Emotion' (OUP, 2001) was once severely and commercially winning and motivated a lot additional paintings during this zone. within the years considering the fact that book of that booklet, empirical learn during this region has blossomed, and the successor to 'Music and Emotion' displays the significant job during this area.
The instruction manual of song and Emotion bargains an 'up-to-date' account of this bright area. It presents accomplished insurance of the numerous techniques that could be stated to outline the sphere of tune and emotion, in all its breadth and depth.
The first part bargains multi-disciplinary views on musical feelings from philosophy, musicology, psychology, neurobiology, anthropology, and sociology. the second one part good points methodologically-oriented chapters at the dimension of feelings through varied channels (e.g., self record, psychophysiology, neuroimaging). Sections 3 and 4 tackle how emotion enters into varied features of musical habit, either the making of track and its intake. part 5 covers
developmental, character, and social elements. part six describes crucial purposes related to the connection among song and emotion. In a last observation, the editors touch upon the historical past of the sector, summarize the present situation, in addition to suggest destiny instructions for
the field.
The simply e-book of its sort, The instruction manual of track and Emotion will fascinate song psychologists, musicologists, tune educators, philosophers, and others with an curiosity in tune and emotion (e.g., in advertising, well-being, engineering, movie, and the sport industry). it will likely be a useful source for verified researchers within the box, a developmental relief for early-career researchers and postgraduate examine scholars, and a compendium to aid scholars at numerous degrees. additionally, as with
its predecessor, it is going to additionally allure curiosity from practicing musicians and lay readers eager about track and emotion.

​​​​​As psychology and philosophy arose as solutions to the everlasting query of the way the brain works, evolutionary psychology has received flooring over fresh years as a hyperlink among cognitive-behavioral and natural-science theories of the brain. This provocative box has additionally collected quite a lot of criticisms, from attributing an excessive amount of autonomy to the mind to basing itself on defective assumptions approximately our prehistoric past.

Epistemological Dimensions of Evolutionary Psychology reframes its self-discipline for the modern period, correcting universal misconceptions and mediating among  different colleges of notion. through targeting the character and boundaries of information and reasoning--the essence of epistemology--contributors provide clean insights on the intersection of human cognitive skills as variations and our self-perception of data, together with evolutionary views on altruism, melancholy,  or the phasing out of human sacrifice. This range strengthens and vindicates the sphere, as evinced by way of thought-provoking dispatches such as: 

• Toward a cognitive philosophy of science.
• Evolutionary media psychology and its epistemological foundation.
• The "meme" meme revisited.
• Depression as an adaptation.
• Like me: a homophily-based account of human culture.
• Preparedness to profit in regards to the global: proof from youngster research.

An attractive and infrequently arguable testomony to the mixed energy of evolution and common sense, Epistemological Dimensions of Evolutionary Psychology will intrigue philosophers in addition to psychologists in a number of subdisciplines.

guide of belief, quantity through Tasting and Smelling makes a speciality of the psychophysics of tasting and smelling and covers issues starting from foodstuff know-how and the neurophysiology of style to the chemistry of scent, the neural code, the olfactory strategy, and chemical signs within the surroundings.

This quantity is prepared into 5 sections encompassing 10 chapters and starts off with a ancient assessment of flavor learn, through a dialogue at the biophysics and chemistry of flavor and its phylogenetic foundation in vertebrates. the focal point then shifts to the character of flavor traits, the psychophysical equipment of learning them, and the impression on flavor sensation of things resembling depth, length and sector of stimulation. the real phenomenon of edition is definitely coated, with recognition to the function of water. The booklet methodically introduces the reader to the pleasantness or unpleasantness of a nutrients, the physicochemical foundation of olfaction, info processing within the olfactory nerve pathway, and the connection among molecular constitution and scent. A bankruptcy at the extraneous stimulation brought on by business strategies, the psychophysical origin for purposes of olfactory examine, and actual and strength purposes within the realm of scent abatement concludes the amount.
This booklet will function a uncomplicated resource and reference paintings for psychologists and usual scientists, in addition to in the event you have an interest in human perception.

Do you overthink sooner than taking motion? Are you at risk of making destructive predictions? Do you are concerned concerning the worst that may ensue? Do you're taking damaging suggestions very demanding? Are you self-critical? Does something below excellent functionality believe like failure?

If any of those concerns resonate with you, you are most likely struggling with some extent of tension, and you are not on my own. the excellent news: whereas decreasing your anxiousness point to 0 is not attainable or necessary (anxiety can really be helpful!), you could discover ways to effectively deal with indicators - reminiscent of over the top rumination, hesitation, worry of feedback and paralysing perfection.

In The nervousness Toolkit, Dr Alice Boyes interprets robust, evidence-based instruments utilized in treatment clinics into advice and tips you could hire in daily life. no matter if you've an nervousness disease, or are only anxiety-prone via nature, you will discover how anxiousness works, innovations that can assist you focus on universal anxiousness 'stuck' issues and a self belief that - nervous or now not - you may have the entire instruments you want to reach lifestyles and work.

Seit Anfang der 1990er-Jahre haben sich die technischen Möglichkeiten enorm verbessert, das menschliche Gehirn zu untersuchen und dessen Strukturen und Aktivitäten zu messen. Heute gehören die verschiedenen Formen der Bildgebung u.a. Positronen-Emmissions-Tomographie, Magnetresonanztomographie, Magnetenzephalographie, Transkranielle Magnetstimulation zu den grundlegenden Methoden der Neurowissenschaften, insbesondere der Neuropsychologie, der Klinischen Psychologie, der Neurologie, der Neurobiologie und der Psychiatrie. Die mit den neuen Methoden verbundenen faszinierenden technischen Entwicklungen haben nicht nur zu einer neuen Wissenschaft, nämlich der kognitiven Neurowissenschaft, geführt, sondern auch neuen theoretischen Konzepten des menschlichen Verhaltens und Denkens zum Durchbruch verholfen. Dieses Lehrbuch führt Studierende und Lehrende behutsam in die komplexen Verfahren ein und gibt Psychologen, Neurologen und Psychiatern in Praxis sowie in Aus, castle- und Weiterbildung darüber hinaus anwendungsorientierte Hilfestellungen und Anregungen.